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1. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Cerrado Inglés The health benefits of mulberry fruit are closely associated with its phenolic compounds. However, the effects of enzymatic treatments on the digestion patterns of these compounds in mulberry juice remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of pectinase (PE), pectin lyase (PL), and cellulase (CE) on the release of phenolic compounds in whole mulberry juice. The digestion patterns were further evaluated using an in vitro simulated digestion model. The results revealed that PE significantly increased chlorogenic acid content by 77.8 %, PL enhanced cyanidin-3-O-glucoside by 20.5 %, and CE boosted quercetin by 44.5 %. Following in vitro digestion, the phenolic compound levels decreased differently depending on the treatment, while cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside content increased across all groups. In conclusion, the selected enzymes effectively promoted the release of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice. However, during gastrointestinal digestion, the degradation of phenolic compounds surpassed their enhanced release, with effects varying based on the compound's structure. metadata Luo, Peihuan; Ai, Jian; Wang, Qiongyao; Lou, Yihang; Liao, Zhiwei; Giampieri, Francesca; Battino, Maurizio; Sieniawska, Elwira; Bai, Weibin y Tian, Lingmin mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2025) Enzymatic treatment shapes in vitro digestion pattern of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice. Food Chemistry, 469. p. 142555. ISSN 03088146 ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
2. Sección/Capítulo de Libro Materias > Ingeniería
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Cerrado Inglés Beeswax is a complex natural substance consisting of more than 300 components. Currently, beeswax has many applications in cosmetics, medicine, food, and handicrafts because of its natural composition. The main chemical components of beeswax are presented in this chapter, such as esters, hydrocarbons, free acids, and free alcohols. As the largest component in beeswax, the main molecules, monoesters, diesters, and hydroxyesters, and the minor components, triesters and acidic esters, of esters compounds are discussed. In addition, other minor substances in beeswax are also described: aromatic and volatile compounds, a few minerals,v small amounts of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and trace chemical elements such as Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, and P. metadata Chen, Ge; Qian, Jingjing; Bei, Yang; Qi, Zexiu; Cianciosi, Danila; Armas Diaz, Yasmany; Cassotta, Manuela; Álvarez-Suárez, José M.; Battino, Maurizio y Giampieri, Francesca mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es (2025) Chemical Composition of Beeswax. In: Bee Products – Chemical and Biological Properties. Springer, Cham, pp. 495-504. ISBN 978-3-031-89049-9 ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
3. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina
Materias > Psicología
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés Supplementation with probiotics seems to confer protective effects in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), although available results are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to systematically review existing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to critically assess the effect of probiotics on psychiatric symptoms, anthropometric indicators, lipid profiles, glycemic indices, inflammation, and oxidative stress in adults with SZ. A systematic search was conducted in four databases from inception until January 2025. Six RCTs were included in the quantitative analysis that demonstrated beneficial effects of probiotics on SZ severity determined via the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), with significant reductions in PANSS (MD = −0.50, p = 0.001), PANSS Negative (MD = −0.31, p = 0.050), and PANSS General scores (MD = −0.33, p = 0.036), alongside reductions in body weight (MD = −0.92, p = 0.000), body mass index (MD = −0.53, p = 0.016), and total cholesterol (SMD = −0.34, p = 0.005). Furthermore, probiotic interventions reduced baseline glucose (SMD = −0.59, p = 0.000), insulin (MD = −0.68, p = 0.000), and measures of insulin sensitivity/resistance and significantly improved biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. To summarize, this meta-analysis suggests that probiotics may confer beneficial effects in patients with SZ through improving psychiatric symptoms as well as markers of body weight, lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. metadata Li, Lu; Du, Fengqi; Liu, Xilong; Song, Mengyao; Grosso, Giuseppe; Battino, Maurizio; Boesch, Christine; Li, He y Liu, Xinqi mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2025) Effect of Supplementation with Probiotics in Patients with Schizophrenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials. Foods, 14 (10). p. 1773. ISSN 2304-8158
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4. Sección/Capítulo de Libro Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Cerrado Inglés Beeswax (BW) is the substance that forms the structure of a honeycomb, made by bees to store honey. Compared with honey and propolis, beeswax as a by-product possesses several favorable therapeutic properties and is of great interest to the scientific community. In this chapter, the various health benefits of beeswax and its applications are systematically introduced, including mainly the protection of skin disease, wound healing, oxidative damage, antimicrobial activities, and other health applications, with the aim to make more common the use of this by-product for human health. Beeswax, due to its beneficial components and special structural properties, could even assist in preventing and treating some types of cancers or some metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, this chapter aims to update the major scientific works that have highlighted the various health benefits exerted by beeswax in different types of pathological conditions. metadata Qian, Jingjing; Chen, Ge; Bei, Yang; Qi, Zexiu; Cianciosi, Danila; Armas Diaz, Yasmany; Cassotta, Manuela; Álvarez-Suárez, José M.; Battino, Maurizio y Giampieri, Francesca mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, manucassotta@gmail.com, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es (2025) Health Benefits and Uses of Beeswax in Medicine. In: Bee Products – Chemical and Biological Properties. Springer, Cham, pp. 505-519. ISBN 978-3-031-89049-9 ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
5. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Cerrado Inglés In this work, a glassy carbon electrode modified with magnesium-aluminum layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) was proposed to enhance the precision of hydroxy-sanshools quantification by mitigating polyphenol interference commonly found in the Zanthoxylum bungeanum pericarp during voltammetric assays. It was demonstrated that the MgAl-LDH-modified glassy carbon electrode effectively avoided the impact of polyphenols on hydroxy-sanshools by recovering their differential pulse voltammetric responses. Furthermore, the optimized method successfully quantified total hydroxy-sanshools in the linear range of 0.20–100.21 mg/g with good sensitivity (limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.055 mg/L and 0.18 mg/L, respectively), and with recovery ranged from 95.66 % to 108.20 %. The intra-day and interday relative standard deviations were in the range of 0.43–3.13 % and 1.48–4.56 %, respectively. Additionally, the practicality of the developed approach was validated by quantifying hydroxy-sanshools in commercial Zanthoxylum bungeanum pericarp-related products, with results closely matching those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography. These data reveals that the developed MgAl-LDH offers a novel strategy for modifying electrodes with high selectivity for the rapid monitoring of pungent substances in Zanthoxylum bungeanum pericarp. metadata Shen, Lingqin; Li, Jiashen; Zou, Xiaobo; Giampieri, Francesca; Battino, Maurizio y Zhang, Di mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2025) A phenol-interference decoupling method for hydroxyl-sanshools detection based on a modified electrode with magnesium-aluminum layered double hydroxide. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 141. p. 107365. ISSN 08891575 ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
6. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés The microbiota, comprising all the microorganisms within the body, plays a critical role in maintaining good health. Dysbiosis represents a condition resulting from an imbalance or alteration of the microbiota. This study comprehensively investigates the patent literature on dysbiosis over the past 20 years. metadata El Boukhari, Reda; Matin, Maima; Bouissane, Latifa; Ławiński, Michał; Lushchak, Oleh; Singla, Rajeev K.; Mickael, Michel‐Edwar; Mayneris‐Perxachs, Jordi; Grafakou, Maria Eleni; Xu, Shuhua; Liu, Bowen; Guan, Jiayi; Półtorak, Andrzej; Szpicer, Arkadiusz; Wierzbicka, Agnieszka; Tzvetkov, Nikolay T.; Banach, Maciej; Horbańczuk, Jarosław Olav; Jóźwik, Artur; Cascella, Marco; Shen, Bairong; Pirgozliev, Vasil Radoslavov; Wang, Dongdong; Litvinova, Olena; Adamska, Olga; Kamińska, Agnieszka; Łapiński, Marcin; Stolarczyk, Artur; Berindan‐Neagoe, Ioana; Milella, Luigi; Yeung, Andy Wai Kan; Suravajhala, Prashanth; Bishayee, Anupam; Lordan, Ronan; Iantovics, Laszlo Barna; Lagoa, Ricardo; Michalczuk, Monika; Stoyanov, Jivko; Kinghorn, A. Douglas; Jalil, Banaz; Weckwerth, Wolfram; Goh, Bey Hing; Li, Meng‐Yao; Chaubey, Gyaneshwer; Russo, Gian Luigi; Frazzini, Sara; Rossi, Luciana; Battino, Maurizio; Jia, Wei; Su, Qi; Ma, Xiaoqiang; Rollinger, Judith M.; Rittmann, Simon K.‐M. R.; Sheridan, Helen; Walsh, John J.; Lizard, Gérard; Karpiński, Tomasz M.; Silva, Ana Sanches; Piwowarski, Jakub; Xie, Liwei; Fan, Tai‐Ping; Giampieri, Francesca; El Midaoui, Adil; Wong, Ka‐Hing; Gan, Ren‐You; Fatimi, Ahmed y Atanasov, Atanas G. mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2025) Enhancing human gut health: Global innovations in dysbiosis management. iMeta. ISSN 2770-5986
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7. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Garlic is a horticultural product highly valued for its culinary and medicinal attributes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of a garlic hydrophilic extract as well as the influence on redox biology, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) markers and aging, using Caenorhabditis elegans as experimental model. The extract was rich in sulfur compounds, highlighting the presence of other compounds like phenolics, and the antioxidant property was corroborated. Regarding AD markers, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory capacity was demonstrated in vitro. Although the extract did not modify the amyloid β-induced paralysis degree, it was able to improve, in a dose-dependent manner, some locomotive parameters affected by the hyperphosphorylated tau protein in C. elegans. It could be related to the effect found on GFP-transgenic stains, mainly regarding to the increase in the gene expression of HSP-16.2. Moreover, an initial investigation into the aging process revealed that the extract successfully inhibited the accumulation of intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in aged worms. These results provide valuable insights into the multifaceted impact of garlic extract, particularly in the context of aging and neurodegenerative processes. This study lays a foundation for further research avenues exploring the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying garlic effects and its translation into potential therapeutic interventions for age-related neurodegenerative conditions. metadata Navarro‐Hortal, María D.; Romero‐Marquez, Jose M.; Ansary, Johura; Montalbán‐Hernández, Cristina; Varela‐López, Alfonso; Giampieri, Francesca; Xiao, Jianbo; Calderón Iglesias, Rubén; Battino, Maurizio; Sánchez‐González, Cristina; Forbes‐Hernández, Tamara Y. y Quiles, José L. mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, ruben.calderon@uneatlantico.es, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, jose.quiles@uneatlantico.es (2025) Effects of a Garlic Hydrophilic Extract Rich in Sulfur Compounds on Redox Biology and Alzheimer's Disease Markers in Caenorhabditis Elegans. eFood, 6 (2). ISSN 2666-3066
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8. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves β-amyloid plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation, driven by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities exacerbate AD pathology. Olive leaf (OL) extracts, rich in bioactive compounds, offer potential therapeutic benefits. This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory, anti-cholinergic, and antioxidant effects of three OL extracts (low, mid, and high bioactive content) in vitro and their protective effects against AD-related proteinopathies in Caenorhabditis elegans models. OL extracts were characterized for phenolic composition, AChE and COX-2 inhibition, as well as antioxidant capacity. Their effects on intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were tested in C. elegans models expressing human Aβ and tau proteins. Gene expression analyses examined transcription factors (DAF-16, skinhead [SKN]-1) and their targets (superoxide dismutase [SOD]-2, SOD-3, GST-4, and heat shock protein [HSP]-16.2). High-OL extract demonstrated superior AChE and COX-2 inhibition and antioxidant capacity. Low- and high-OL extracts reduced Aβ aggregation, ROS levels, and proteotoxicity via SKN-1/NRF-2 and DAF-16/FOXO pathways, whereas mid-OL showed moderate effects through proteostasis modulation. In tau models, low- and high-OL extracts mitigated mitochondrial ROS levels via SOD-2 but had limited effects on intracellular ROS levels. High-OL extract also increased GST-4 levels, whereas low and mid extracts enhanced GST-4 levels. OL extracts protect against AD-related proteinopathies by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and proteostasis. High-OL extract showed the most promise for nutraceutical development due to its robust phenolic profile and activation of key antioxidant pathways. Further research is needed to confirm long-term efficacy. metadata Romero‐Marquez, Jose M.; Navarro‐Hortal, María D.; Varela‐López, Alfonso; Calderón Iglesias, Rubén; Puentes, Juan G.; Giampieri, Francesca; Battino, Maurizio; Sánchez‐González, Cristina; Xiao, Jianbo; García‐Ruiz, Roberto; Sánchez, Sebastián; Forbes‐Hernández, Tamara Y. y Quiles, José L. mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, ruben.calderon@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, jose.quiles@uneatlantico.es (2025) Olive Leaf Extracts With High, Medium, or Low Bioactive Compounds Content Differentially Modulate Alzheimer's Disease via Redox Biology. Food Frontiers. ISSN 2643-8429
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9. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés Background The gut-brain axis is a complex communication network that connects the gastrointestinal system with the central nervous system, significantly influencing various health outcomes, such as mental health, cognitive function, metabolic regulation, and immune responses. While traditional research models, particularly animal studies, have provided valuable insights, they often overlook the intricate and human-specific interactions within this axis. Consequently, translating findings from these models into clinical applications has been challenging. However, recent advancements in human-based Novel Approach Methodologies (NAMs), like organoids, organs-on-chip, and omic sciences, present innovative tools for investigating the gut-brain axis with improved accuracy and relevance to human physiology. These methodologies facilitate a deeper understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which nutritional interventions affect not only mental health but also a wider range of gut-brain-related health outcomes. Scope and approach: Scope and approach: This paper explores how NAMs are revolutionizing gut-brain axis research by providing more accurate models that replicate human physiology, thereby replacing less effective traditional approaches. Key findings and conclusion By using these advanced methods, researchers can produce detailed data that better mirror human responses to dietary components, resulting in more effective and personalized strategies for managing and enhancing gut-brain health. Future research should concentrate on utilizing NAMs to deepen our understanding of the gut-brain axis in nutritional science, which will ultimately lead to more targeted and effective health interventions for various conditions. metadata Cassotta, Manuela; Armas Diaz, Yasmany; Qi, Zexiu; Yang, Bei; Grosso, Giuseppe; Quiles, José L.; Battino, Maurizio; Godos, Justyna y Giampieri, Francesca mail manucassotta@gmail.com, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es (2025) Modernizing gut-brain axis research in nutritional Science: The role of human-centered New Approach Methodologies. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 159. p. 104980. ISSN 09242244
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10. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés The One Health approach emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, recognizing that the health of each is interdependent and influenced by shared ecosystems. Nutrition research plays a critical role in improving health outcomes across these domains, with implications for sustainability and food security. Organ-on-chip (OoC) technologies have emerged as innovative tools replicating key organ functions, supporting disease modeling, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. They also hold promise as alternatives to traditional animal models. This systematic review examines the potential of OoC technologies within the One Health framework and nutrition research, focusing on (1) their ability to replicate human and animal organ functions, (2) applications in food safety and ecotoxicology, and (3) their use in studying food components’ health effects. Challenges and future directions for adoption are also discussed. Although fully replicating the complexity of in vivo physiology remains a challenge, OoCs offer a promising platform to simulate organ functions and interactions. These systems hold significant potential for advancing food safety assessments, studying food impacts on health, and addressing sustainability in food systems. Challenges such as standardization, scalability, accessibility, and biases toward traditional models remain. Despite these hurdles, current advancements underscore the versatility and promise of OoCs, positioning them as valuable tools for driving innovation in nutrition research, food and feed safety, and ecotoxicology. With continued progress, OoCs are poised to make significant contributions to the goals of the One Health framework. metadata Cassotta, Manuela; Elexpuru Zabaleta, Maria; Sumalla Cano, Sandra; Diaz, Yasmany Armas; Giampieri, Francesca; Xiaobo, Zou; Zhang, Di; Grosso, Giuseppe y Battino, Maurizio mail manucassotta@gmail.com, maria.elexpuru@uneatlantico.es, sandra.sumalla@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es (2025) Organ‐on‐Chip: The Future of Nutrition Research in a One Health World. Food Frontiers. ISSN 2643-8429
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11. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Cerrado Inglés Besides mulberry fruit, mulberry (Morus alba L.) has many byproducts, including leaves, branches, and roots. Although these byproducts have long been used as traditional Chinese medicine, their use is limited mainly to rheumatism, diabetes, arthritis. These natural products have a variety of bioactive ingredients, including flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering and other biological functions. This review introduces the bioactive ingredients of mulberry leaves, branches, and roots and discusses their potential in alleviating cardiovascular diseases from antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid regulation, blood glucose regulation, vascular protection and other aspects. metadata Qi, Zexiu; Yang, Bei; Armas Diaz, Yasmany; Cassotta, Manuela; Cianciosi, Danila; Mezzetti, Bruno; Quiles, José L.; Bo Xiao, Jian; Zhang, Di; Xiaobo, Zou; Chen, Xiumin; Battino, Maurizio y Giampieri, Francesca mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, jose.quiles@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es (2025) Therapeutic potential of mulberry ( Morus alba L. ) byproducts for cardiovascular diseases. Journal of Berry Research, 15 (1). pp. 3-11. ISSN 1878-5093 ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
12. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad de La Romana > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Background: Nut consumption has been considered a potential protective factor against cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to test whether higher total and specific nut intake was associated with better cognitive status in a sample of older Italian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis on 883 older adults (>50 y) was conducted. A 110-item food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on the consumption of various types of nuts. The Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire was used to assess cognitive status. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between nut intake and cognitive status after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: The median intake of total nuts was 11.7 g/day and served as a cut-off to categorize low and high consumers (mean intake 4.3 g/day vs. 39.7 g/day, respectively). Higher total nut intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of impaired cognitive status among older individuals (OR = 0.35, CI 95%: 0.15, 0.84) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Notably, this association remained significant after additional adjustment for adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern as an indicator of diet quality, (OR = 0.32, CI 95%: 0.13, 0.77). No significant associations were found between cognitive status and specific types of nuts. Conclusions: Habitual nut intake is associated with better cognitive status in older adults. metadata Godos, Justyna; Giampieri, Francesca; Frias-Toral, Evelyn; Zambrano-Villacres, Raynier; Rojas Vistorte, Angel Olider; Yélamos Torres, Vanessa; Battino, Maurizio; Galvano, Fabio; Castellano, Sabrina y Grosso, Giuseppe mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, angel.rojas@uneatlantico.es, vanessa.yelamos@funiber.org, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2025) Nut Consumption Is Associated with Cognitive Status in Southern Italian Adults. Nutrients, 17 (3). p. 521. ISSN 2072-6643
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13. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés Background/Objectives: Bioactive compounds possess the ability to maintain health and improve diseases by regulating inflammation and cell death processes. Pyroptosis is programmed cell death related to inflammation and exerts a critical role in the development and progression of different types of diseases. This narrative review aims to investigate and discuss the effects of dietary bioactive compounds on pyroptosis in different common human pathologies, such as inflammatory disease, bacterial infection, injury disease, cancer, diabetes and heart disease, etc. Method: Studies published in the major databases until December 2024 in English were considered, for a total of 50 papers. Results: The current evidence demonstrated that the bioactive compounds are able to regulate the pyroptosis process by modulating different inflammasome sensors (NLRP1, NLRP3, and AIM2), caspase family proteins (caspase-1, caspase-3, and caspase-11), and gasdermins (GSDMD and GSDME) in many pathological conditions related to inflammation, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions: Bioactive compounds have powerful potential to be the candidate drug for pyroptosis modulation in inflammatory diseases, even if more clinical studies are needed to confirm the effects and establish efficient doses for humans. metadata Yang, Bei; Qi, Zexiu; Armas Diaz, Yasmany; Cassotta, Manuela; Grosso, Giuseppe; Cianciosi, Danila; Zhang, Di; Zou, Xiaobo; Quiles, José L.; Battino, Maurizio y Giampieri, Francesca mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, manucassotta@gmail.com, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, jose.quiles@uneatlantico.es, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es (2025) Pyroptosis: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Bioactive Compounds in Human Disease Treatment? A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 17 (3). p. 461. ISSN 2072-6643
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14. Sección/Capítulo de Libro Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Cerrado Inglés Oxidative stress and inflammation are two of the main risk factors for the onset and progression of many common human pathologies, including metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. A successful strategy to reduce the chronic state of oxidative stress and inflammation could be the adoption of a healthy diet, enriched with food and beverages with well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds. Coffee, one of the most common beverages in the world, is a very complex mixture of more than one thousand bioactive compounds, which play a key role in human health, thanks to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this chapter, the most important results obtained from human studies evaluating the effects of coffee consumption on the main biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation will be presented and discussed. metadata Qi, Zexiu; Yang, Bei; Cianciosi, Danila; Diaz, Yasmany Armas; Salinari, Alessia; Machì, Michele; Alvarez-Suarez, José Miguel; Battino, Maurizio y Giampieri, Francesca mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es (2025) Coffee and Oxidative Stress. In: Coffee and Human Health. Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 165-180. ISBN 978-1-83916-686-0 ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
15. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés Strong evidence supports the paramount importance of the composition of the diet for health. Not only diet should provide nutritional adequacy, but some foods and dietary components can also support the management of common chronic diseases, with mechanisms independent of nutritional adequacy. Among the various intervention diets, low-fat vegan diets have been shown to be effective for cardiometabolic health, mainly influencing insulin resistance, adiposity, and blood lipids. This type of diet relies on reducing or eliminating all added fats and choosing low-fat foods, mainly unprocessed whole-plant foods. We hereby propose a tool for planning low-fat vegan diets, the VegPlate Low-Fat (VP_LF), which has been obtained from a specific adaptation of the VegPlate method, which was already presented in previous publications for adults and some life stages and situations. The reduction in fats in the diet, which ranges between 10% and 15% of total energy, and the varied inclusion of foods from plant groups make it easier to provide adequate amounts of all nutrients with a normal- or lower-calorie intake, in comparison with diets that do not limit fat intakes. We expect that this new proposal will help nutrition professionals embrace low-fat diets as a first-line intervention for individuals affected by different health conditions who can benefit from these diets. metadata Baroni, Luciana; Rizzo, Gianluca; Zavoli, Martina y Battino, Maurizio mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es (2024) A Plant-Based Food Guide Adapted for Low-Fat Diets: The VegPlate Low-Fat (VP_LF). Foods, 13 (24). p. 4050. ISSN 2304-8158
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16. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Cerrado Inglés Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign, monoclonal, gynaecological tumors in a woman’s uterus, while leiomyosarcoma is a rare but aggressive condition caused by the malignant transformation of the myometrium. To overcome the common obstacles related to the methods usually used to study these pathologies, we aimed to devise three-dimensional models of myometrium, uterine leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma cell lines, using two different types of biocompatible scaffolds. Specifically, we exploited the agarose gel matrix in common 6-well plates and the alginate matrix using Bioprinting INKREDIBLE + (CELLINK), a pneumatic extruded base equipped with a system with double printheads, and a UV printer LED curing system. Both methods allowed the development of 3D spheroids of all three cell types, that were also suitable for morphological investigations. We showed that all cell types embedded in both agarose and alginate formed spheroids in their growth medium. The spheroids successfully proliferated and self-organized into complex structures, developing a sustainable system that emulated the condition of the tissues through the accumulation of extracellular matrix. These models could be useful for a better understanding of pathophysiology, etiopathogenesis, and testing new methods or molecules from a preventive and therapeutic point of view. metadata Pellegrino, Pamela; Greco, Stefania; Duménigo Gonzàlez, Abel; Giampieri, Francesca; Giannubilo, Stefano Raffaele; Delli Carpini, Giovanni; Capocasa, Franco; Mezzetti, Bruno; Battino, Maurizio; Ciavattini, Andrea y Ciarmela, Pasquapina mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2024) Establishment of 3D Cultures of Myometrium, Leiomyoma, and Leiomyosarcoma Cells: Advantages and Disadvantages of Two Different Models. Reproductive Sciences. ISSN 1933-7191 ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
17. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés Aging is a physiological process characterized by a progressive deterioration of all the biological functions and a marked reduction in stress resistance, thus resulting in an increased susceptibility to several pathologies metadata Cassotta, Manuela; Quiles, José L.; Giampieri, Francesca y Battino, Maurizio mail manucassotta@gmail.com, jose.quiles@uneatlantico.es, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es (2024) Aging, age-related diseases, oxidative stress and plant polyphenols: Is this a true relationship? Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 17 (3). pp. 255-259. ISSN 1973798X ["page:item_not_available" not defined]
18. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés Background Cognitive impairment is projected to affect a preponderant proportion of the aging population. Lifelong dietary habits have been hypothesized to play a role in preventing cognitive decline. Among the most studied dietary components, fish consumptionhas been extensively studied for its potential effects on the human brain. Aims To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies exploring the association between fish intake and cognitive impairment/decline and all types of dementia. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases was performed to identify observational studies providing quantitative data on fish consumption and outcomes of interest. Random effects models for meta-analyses using only extreme exposure categories, subgroup analyses, and dose-response analyses were performed to estimate cumulative risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The meta-analysis comprised 35 studies. Individuals reporting the highest vs. the lowest fish consumption were associated with a lower likelihood of cognitive impairment/decline (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.90, I2 = 61.1%), dementia (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.93, I2 = 38.7%), and Alzheimer’s disease (RR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.96, I2 = 20.3%). The dose-response relation revealed a significantly decreased risk of cognitive impairment/decline and all cognitive outcomes across higher levels of fish intake up to 30% for 150 g/d (RR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.95). The results of this relation based on APOE ε4 allele status was mixed based on the outcome investigated. Conclusions Current findings suggest fish consumption is associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment/decline in a dose-response manner, while for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease there is a need for further studies to improve the strength of evidence. metadata Godos, Justyna; Micek, Agnieszka; Currenti, Walter; Franchi, Carlotta; Poli, Andrea; Battino, Maurizio; Dolci, Alberto; Ricci, Cristian; Ungvari, Zoltan y Grosso, Giuseppe mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2024) Fish consumption, cognitive impairment and dementia: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 36 (1). ISSN 1720-8319
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19. Artículo Materias > Alimentación Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros Abierto Inglés Vegetarian diets are plant-based diets including all the edible foods from the Plant Kingdom, such as grains, legumes, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and seeds. Dairy and eggs can be added in small amounts in the lacto-ovo-vegetarian subtype, or not at all in the vegan subtype. The abundance of non-processed plant foods—typical of all well-planned diets, including vegetarian ones—can provide the body with numerous protective factors (fiber, phytocompounds), while limiting the intake of harmful nutrients like saturated fats, heme-iron, and cholesterol. The beneficial effects on health of this balance have been reported for many main chronic diseases, in both observational and intervention studies. The scientific literature indicates that vegetarians have a lower risk of certain types of cancer, overall cancer, overweight-obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and vascular diseases. Since the trend of following a vegetarian diet is increasing among citizens of developed countries, the knowledge in the field will benefit from further studies confirming the consistency of these findings and clarifying the effects of vegetarian diets on other controversial topics. metadata Baroni, Luciana; Rizzo, Gianluca; Galchenko, Alexey Vladimirovich; Zavoli, Martina; Serventi, Luca y Battino, Maurizio mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es (2024) Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets: An Insight into the Main Topics. Foods, 13 (15). p. 2398. ISSN 2304-8158
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20. Artículo Materias > Biomedicina
Materias > Alimentación
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad de La Romana > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. A healthy diet rich in plant-derived compounds such as (poly)phenols appears to have a key role in improving cardiovascular health. Flavan-3-ols represent a subclass of (poly)phenols of great interest for their possible health benefits. In this review, we summarized the results of clinical studies on vascular outcomes of flavan-3-ol supplementation and we focused on the role of the microbiota in CVD. Clinical trials included in this review showed that supplementation with flavan-3-ols mostly derived from cocoa products significantly reduces blood pressure and improves endothelial function. Studies on catechins from green tea demonstrated better results when involving healthy individuals. From a mechanistic point of view, emerging evidence suggests that microbial metabolites may play a role in the observed effects. Their function extends beyond the previous belief of ROS scavenging activity and encompasses a direct impact on gene expression and protein function. Although flavan-3-ols appear to have effects on cardiovascular health, further studies are needed to clarify and confirm these potential benefits and the rising evidence of the potential involvement of the microbiota. metadata Godos, Justyna; Romano, Giovanni Luca; Laudani, Samuele; Gozzo, Lucia; Guerrera, Ida; Dominguez Azpíroz, Irma; Martínez Díaz, Raquel; Quiles, José L.; Battino, Maurizio; Drago, Filippo; Giampieri, Francesca; Galvano, Fabio y Grosso, Giuseppe mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, irma.dominguez@unini.edu.mx, raquel.martinez@uneatlantico.es, jose.quiles@uneatlantico.es, maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2024) Flavan-3-ols and Vascular Health: Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of Action. Nutrients, 16 (15). p. 2471. ISSN 2072-6643
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Enzymatic treatment shapes in vitro digestion pattern of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice

The health benefits of mulberry fruit are closely associated with its phenolic compounds. However, the effects of enzymatic treatments on the digestion patterns of these compounds in mulberry juice remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of pectinase (PE), pectin lyase (PL), and cellulase (CE) on the release of phenolic compounds in whole mulberry juice. The digestion patterns were further evaluated using an in vitro simulated digestion model. The results revealed that PE significantly increased chlorogenic acid content by 77.8 %, PL enhanced cyanidin-3-O-glucoside by 20.5 %, and CE boosted quercetin by 44.5 %. Following in vitro digestion, the phenolic compound levels decreased differently depending on the treatment, while cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside content increased across all groups. In conclusion, the selected enzymes effectively promoted the release of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice. However, during gastrointestinal digestion, the degradation of phenolic compounds surpassed their enhanced release, with effects varying based on the compound's structure.

Artículos y libros

Peihuan Luo mail , Jian Ai mail , Qiongyao Wang mail , Yihang Lou mail , Zhiwei Liao mail , Francesca Giampieri mail francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, Maurizio Battino mail maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, Elwira Sieniawska mail , Weibin Bai mail , Lingmin Tian mail ,

Luo

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Avelumab maintenance in advanced urothelial carcinoma: real-world data from Northern Spain (AVEBLADDER study)

Background Before the incorporation of enfortumab vedotin with pembrolizumab, the standard of care for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who do not progress after platinum-based chemotherapy was avelumab maintenance therapy, as demonstrated by the JAVELIN 100 trial. However, real-world European data remain scarce. Patients and Methods AVEBLADDER is a retrospective study conducted at 14 hospitals in Northern Spain, including patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma diagnosed between January 2021 and June 2023. Outcomes of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed for patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy, with and without subsequent avelumab maintenance therapy. non-avelumab patients. Median PFS was 11.33 months (95% CI: 10–13.6) with avelumab and 6.43 months (95% CI: 6–7.6) without. One-year OS probabilities were 81.6% vs. 45.6% (p < 0.001) in the avelumab and non-avelumab groups, respectively. No unexpected toxicities were reported. Conclusions Despite proven survival benefits, avelumab uptake in real-world practice is limited by barriers like access, reimbursement, and awareness. These findings align with JAVELIN 100 and underscore the need for further real-world studies to address treatment disparities.

Artículos y libros

Marta Sotelo mail , Mireia Peláez mail mireia.pelaez@uneatlantico.es, Laura Basterretxea mail , Estrella Varga mail , Ricardo Sánchez-Escribano mail , Eduardo Pujol Obis mail , Carmen Santander mail , Mireia Martínez Kareaga mail , Mikel Arruti Ibarbia mail , Inmaculada Rodríguez Ledesma mail , Carlos Álvarez Fernández mail , Pablo Piedra mail , Verónica Calderero Aragón mail , Nuria Lainez mail , Juan Antonio Verdún Aguilar mail , Irene Gil Arnáiz mail , Ricardo Fernández mail , Cristina Mazas Pérez-Oleaga mail cristina.mazas@uneatlantico.es, Ignacio Duran mail ,

Sotelo

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More than Socio- and Geo-demographics: How Complementary Education and Business Experience Shape Students' Financial Behaviour in Europe

Although financial literacy would seem relevant to university students’ education, it is not currently offered as a transversal subject within European academic curricula. It should therefore come as no surprise that a common solution are ad-hoc specific courses, with students often additionally acquiring valuable learning through their own experiences in business environments. With this and the recent literature on the drivers of financial literacy in mind, the authors decided to explore the context shaped by socio-demographic, academic and work-related factors that either promote or prevent European university students from developing appropriate financial skills, such as managing personal finances, planning for short- and long-term needs, and distinguishing among different sources of non-traditional funding. The study used a sample of 881 undergraduate and postgraduate university students from Romania, Poland and Spain from different studies, with information obtained through an anonymous online survey. The applied econometric model was cumulative regression with location-scale estimation using the R software, version 4.3.2, with variables associated directly with the development of basic financial skills being age, gender, country, but also specific training as well as work and entrepreneurial experience. The authors stress the importance of providing financial management education connected to the reality, especially the business and entrepreneurial environment.

Artículos y libros

Inna Alexeeva-Alexeev mail inna.alexeeva@uneatlantico.es, Ana Kaminska mail , Cristina Mazas Pérez-Oleaga mail cristina.mazas@uneatlantico.es, Sorin Gabriel Anton mail ,

Alexeeva-Alexeev

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A novel machine learning-based proposal for early prediction of endometriosis disease

Background Endometriosis is one of the causes of female infertility, with some studies estimating its prevalence at around 10 % of reproductive-age women worldwide and between 30 and 50 % in symptomatic women. However, its diagnosis is complex and often delayed, highlighting the need for more accessible and accurate diagnostic methods. The difficulty lies in its diverse etiology and the variability of symptoms among those affected. Methods This study proposes a predictive model based on supervised machine learning for the early identification of endometriosis, providing support for decision-making by healthcare professionals. For this purpose, an anonymised dataset of 5,143 female patients diagnosed with endometriosis at the private fertility clinic Inebir was used. The model integrates clinical records and genetic analysis through supervised machine learning algorithms, focusing on clinical variables and pathogenic and potentially pathogenic genetic variants. Results The developed predictive model achieves high accuracy in identifying the presence of endometriosis, highlighting the importance of combining clinical and genetic data in diagnosis. The integration of this data into the DELFOS platform, a clinical decision support system, demonstrates the utility of machine learning in improving the diagnosis of endometriosis. Conclusions The findings underscore the potential of clinical and genetic factors in the early diagnosis of endometriosis using supervised machine learning algorithms. This study contributes to the classification of clinical variables that influence endometriosis, offering a valuable tool for clinicians in making therapeutic and management decisions for their female patients.

Artículos y libros

Elena Enamorado-Díaz mail , Leticia Morales-Trujillo mail , Julián-Alberto García-García mail , Ana Teresa Marcos Rodríguez mail anateresa.marcos@uneatlantico.es, José Manuel Navarro-Pando mail jose.navarro@uneatlantico.es, María-José Escalona-Cuaresma mail ,

Enamorado-Díaz

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Detecting hate in diversity: a survey of multilingual code-mixed image and video analysis

The proliferation of damaging content on social media in today’s digital environment has increased the need for efficient hate speech identification systems. A thorough examination of hate speech detection methods in a variety of settings, such as code-mixed, multilingual, visual, audio, and textual scenarios, is presented in this paper. Unlike previous research focusing on single modalities, our study thoroughly examines hate speech identification across multiple forms. We classify the numerous types of hate speech, showing how it appears on different platforms and emphasizing the unique difficulties in multi-modal and multilingual settings. We fill research gaps by assessing a variety of methods, including deep learning, machine learning, and natural language processing, especially for complicated data like code-mixed and cross-lingual text. Additionally, we offer key technique comparisons, suggesting future research avenues that prioritize multi-modal analysis and ethical data handling, while acknowledging its benefits and drawbacks. This study attempts to promote scholarly research and real-world applications on social media platforms by acting as an essential resource for improving hate speech identification across various data sources.

Artículos y libros

Hafiz Muhammad Raza Ur Rehman mail , Mahpara Saleem mail , Muhammad Zeeshan Jhandir mail , Eduardo René Silva Alvarado mail eduardo.silva@funiber.org, Helena Garay mail helena.garay@uneatlantico.es, Imran Ashraf mail ,

Raza Ur Rehman