Direitos humanos e comércio internacional: a cláusula social na omc e a observância aos direitos fundamentais dos trabalhadores das empresas multinacionais e reflexos no comércio internacional.

Thesis Subjects > Social Sciences
Subjects > Teaching
Europe University of Atlantic > Teaching > Final Master Projects Cerrado Portugués A discussão no presente trabalho visa confrontar os direitos com uma análise de seus impactos nas relações dos direitos trabalhistas dentro do comércio internacional, levando em consideração a cláusula social nos tratados multilaterais do comércio. É um tema de profunda relevância, principalmente em se tratando de competitividade entre países, no que tange as relações de negócios internacionais. O estudo se aprofunda sobre a natureza jurídica e demais características dos direitos humanos sob um viés internacional, base para uma análise de como se relacionam nas determinações da OMC em empresas multinacionais dentro do mundo do trabalho. O estudo discute a estrutura e funcionamento das duas organizações internacionais envolvidas no tema – a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) e a Organização Mundial do Comercio (OMC), com destaque nos aspectos das condições de trabalho degradante nos países em desenvolvimento e como essas duas organizações se conversam entre si. A utilização da OMC como instrumento de efetividade no cumprimento dos Direitos Fundamentais dos trabalhadores em empresas multinacionais. A natureza e propósitos da pesquisa exigiu uma metodologia com abordagem interdisciplinar, relacionando o direito internacional, o direito do trabalho e as convenções e resoluções da Organização Internacional do Trabalho – OIT, na perspectiva dos Direitos Humanos. metadata Felipe Archangelo de Oliveira, Luis mail luisfelipe@archangeloadvogados.com.br (2022) Direitos humanos e comércio internacional: a cláusula social na omc e a observância aos direitos fundamentais dos trabalhadores das empresas multinacionais e reflexos no comércio internacional. Masters thesis, UNSPECIFIED.

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Abstract

A discussão no presente trabalho visa confrontar os direitos com uma análise de seus impactos nas relações dos direitos trabalhistas dentro do comércio internacional, levando em consideração a cláusula social nos tratados multilaterais do comércio. É um tema de profunda relevância, principalmente em se tratando de competitividade entre países, no que tange as relações de negócios internacionais. O estudo se aprofunda sobre a natureza jurídica e demais características dos direitos humanos sob um viés internacional, base para uma análise de como se relacionam nas determinações da OMC em empresas multinacionais dentro do mundo do trabalho. O estudo discute a estrutura e funcionamento das duas organizações internacionais envolvidas no tema – a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) e a Organização Mundial do Comercio (OMC), com destaque nos aspectos das condições de trabalho degradante nos países em desenvolvimento e como essas duas organizações se conversam entre si. A utilização da OMC como instrumento de efetividade no cumprimento dos Direitos Fundamentais dos trabalhadores em empresas multinacionais. A natureza e propósitos da pesquisa exigiu uma metodologia com abordagem interdisciplinar, relacionando o direito internacional, o direito do trabalho e as convenções e resoluções da Organização Internacional do Trabalho – OIT, na perspectiva dos Direitos Humanos.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Organização Mundial do Comércio, Organização Internacional do Trabalho, Cláusula Social, Direitos Trabalhistas, Comércio Internacional.
Subjects: Subjects > Social Sciences
Subjects > Teaching
Divisions: Europe University of Atlantic > Teaching > Final Master Projects
Date Deposited: 20 Nov 2023 23:30
Last Modified: 20 Nov 2023 23:30
URI: https://repositorio.uneatlantico.es/id/eprint/951

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Influence of E-learning training on the acquisition of competences in basketball coaches in Cantabria

The main aim of this study was to analyse the influence of e-learning training on the acquisition of competences in basketball coaches in Cantabria. The current landscape of basketball coach training shows an increasing demand for innovative training models and emerging pedagogies, including e-learning-based methodologies. The study sample consisted of fifty students from these courses, all above 16 years of age (36 males, 14 females). Among them, 16% resided outside the autonomous community of Cantabria, 10% resided more than 50 km from the city of Santander, 36% between 10 and 50 km, 14% less than 10 km, and 24% resided within Santander city. Data were collected through a Google Forms survey distributed by the Cantabrian Basketball Federation to training course students. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. The survey, consisting of 56 questions, was validated by two sports and health doctors and two senior basketball coaches. The collected data were processed and analysed using Microsoft® Excel version 16.74, and the results were expressed in percentages. The analysis revealed that 24.60% of the students trained through the e-learning methodology considered themselves fully qualified as basketball coaches, contrasting with 10.98% of those trained via traditional face-to-face methodology. The results of the study provide insights into important characteristics that can be adjusted and improved within the investigated educational process. Moreover, the study concludes that e-learning training effectively qualifies basketball coaches in Cantabria.

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Smart agriculture: utilizing machine learning and deep learning for drought stress identification in crops

Plant stress reduction research has advanced significantly with the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, such as machine learning and deep learning. This is a significant step toward sustainable agriculture. Innovative insights into the physiological responses of plants mostly crops to drought stress have been revealed through the use of complex algorithms like gradient boosting, support vector machines (SVM), recurrent neural network (RNN), and long short-term memory (LSTM), combined with a thorough examination of the TYRKC and RBR-E3 domains in stress-associated signaling proteins across a range of crop species. Modern resources were used in this study, including the UniProt protein database for crop physiochemical properties associated with specific signaling domains and the SMART database for signaling protein domains. These insights were then applied to deep learning and machine learning techniques after careful data processing. The rigorous metric evaluations and ablation analysis that typified the study’s approach highlighted the algorithms’ effectiveness and dependability in recognizing and classifying stress events. Notably, the accuracy of SVM was 82%, while gradient boosting and RNN showed 96%, and 94%, respectively and LSTM obtained an astounding 97% accuracy. The study observed these successes but also highlights the ongoing obstacles to AI adoption in agriculture, emphasizing the need for creative thinking and interdisciplinary cooperation. In addition to its scholarly value, the collected data has significant implications for improving resource efficiency, directing precision agricultural methods, and supporting global food security programs. Notably, the gradient boosting and LSTM algorithm outperformed the others with an exceptional accuracy of 96% and 97%, demonstrating their potential for accurate stress categorization. This work highlights the revolutionary potential of AI to completely disrupt the agricultural industry while simultaneously advancing our understanding of plant stress responses.

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Ali

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Do ICT firms manage R&D differently? Firm-level and macroeconomic effects on corporate R&D investment: Empirical evidence from a multi-countries context

Technological firms invest in R&D looking for innovative solutions but assuming high costs and great (technological) uncertainty regarding final results and returns. Additionally, they face other problems related to R&D management. This empirical study tries to determine which of the factors favour or constrain the decision of these firms to engage in R&D. The analysis uses financial data of 14,619 ICT listed companies of 22 countries from 2003 to 2018. Additionally, macroeconomic data specific for the countries and the sector were used. For the analysis of dynamic panel data, a System-GMM method is used. Among the findings, we highlight that cash flow, contrary to the known theoretical models and empirical evidences, negatively impacts on R&D investment. Debt is neither the right source for R&D funding, as the effect is also negative. This suggests that ICT companies are forced to manage their R&D activities differently, relying more on other funding sources, taking advantage of growth opportunities and benefiting from a favourable macroeconomic environment in terms of growth and increased business sector spending on R&D. These results are similar in both sub-sectors and in all countries, both bank- and market based. The exception is firms with few growth opportunities and little debt.

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Carotenoids Intake and Cardiovascular Prevention: A Systematic Review

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) encompass a variety of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. Carotenoids, a group of fat-soluble organic pigments synthesized by plants, fungi, algae, and some bacteria, may have a beneficial effect in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study aims to examine and synthesize current research on the relationship between carotenoids and CVDs. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies on the efficacy of carotenoid supplementation for CVD prevention. Interventional analytical studies (randomized and non-randomized clinical trials) published in English from January 2011 to February 2024 were included. Results: A total of 38 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Of these, 17 epidemiological studies assessed the relationship between carotenoids and CVDs, 9 examined the effect of carotenoid supplementation, and 12 evaluated dietary interventions. Conclusions: Elevated serum carotenoid levels are associated with reduced CVD risk factors and inflammatory markers. Increasing the consumption of carotenoid-rich foods appears to be more effective than supplementation, though the specific effects of individual carotenoids on CVD risk remain uncertain.

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