Generación por geotermia en Guatemala: Estancamiento en el desarrollo del potencial geotérmico de Guatemala
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Enzymatic treatment shapes in vitro digestion pattern of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice
The health benefits of mulberry fruit are closely associated with its phenolic compounds. However, the effects of enzymatic treatments on the digestion patterns of these compounds in mulberry juice remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of pectinase (PE), pectin lyase (PL), and cellulase (CE) on the release of phenolic compounds in whole mulberry juice. The digestion patterns were further evaluated using an in vitro simulated digestion model. The results revealed that PE significantly increased chlorogenic acid content by 77.8 %, PL enhanced cyanidin-3-O-glucoside by 20.5 %, and CE boosted quercetin by 44.5 %. Following in vitro digestion, the phenolic compound levels decreased differently depending on the treatment, while cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside content increased across all groups. In conclusion, the selected enzymes effectively promoted the release of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice. However, during gastrointestinal digestion, the degradation of phenolic compounds surpassed their enhanced release, with effects varying based on the compound's structure.
Peihuan Luo mail , Jian Ai mail , Qiongyao Wang mail , Yihang Lou mail , Zhiwei Liao mail , Francesca Giampieri mail francesca.giampieri@uneatlantico.es, Maurizio Battino mail maurizio.battino@uneatlantico.es, Elwira Sieniawska mail , Weibin Bai mail , Lingmin Tian mail ,
Luo
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A novel machine learning-based proposal for early prediction of endometriosis disease
Background Endometriosis is one of the causes of female infertility, with some studies estimating its prevalence at around 10 % of reproductive-age women worldwide and between 30 and 50 % in symptomatic women. However, its diagnosis is complex and often delayed, highlighting the need for more accessible and accurate diagnostic methods. The difficulty lies in its diverse etiology and the variability of symptoms among those affected. Methods This study proposes a predictive model based on supervised machine learning for the early identification of endometriosis, providing support for decision-making by healthcare professionals. For this purpose, an anonymised dataset of 5,143 female patients diagnosed with endometriosis at the private fertility clinic Inebir was used. The model integrates clinical records and genetic analysis through supervised machine learning algorithms, focusing on clinical variables and pathogenic and potentially pathogenic genetic variants. Results The developed predictive model achieves high accuracy in identifying the presence of endometriosis, highlighting the importance of combining clinical and genetic data in diagnosis. The integration of this data into the DELFOS platform, a clinical decision support system, demonstrates the utility of machine learning in improving the diagnosis of endometriosis. Conclusions The findings underscore the potential of clinical and genetic factors in the early diagnosis of endometriosis using supervised machine learning algorithms. This study contributes to the classification of clinical variables that influence endometriosis, offering a valuable tool for clinicians in making therapeutic and management decisions for their female patients.
Elena Enamorado-Díaz mail , Leticia Morales-Trujillo mail , Julián-Alberto García-García mail , Ana Teresa Marcos Rodríguez mail anateresa.marcos@uneatlantico.es, José Manuel Navarro-Pando mail jose.navarro@uneatlantico.es, María-José Escalona-Cuaresma mail ,
Enamorado-Díaz
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Background The aging process leads to negative changes in various bodily systems, including the neuromuscular system. Strength training, is considered the best strategy to counteract these neuromuscular changes, preventing sarcopenia and frailty in older adults. Objective To compare the effects of strength training with elastic resistance and free weights on the muscle strength of knee extensors and flexors and functional performance in the older adults. Methods This was a randomised clinical study. Thirty-one participants of both sexes were allocated randomly into two groups: Training Group Free Weight (TGFW, n = 15) and Training Group with Elastic Resistance (TGER, n = 16). Two individuals were excluded and so, twenty-nine individuals were evaluated before and after eight weeks training protocol, which was performed three times a week. The determination of the training load was obtained using a protocol of 10 repetitions maximum. Results No significant differences were found in either the intra- or the inter-group comparisons, on functional performance and peak muscle strength. In the intra-groups (pre- and post-strength training), it was observed that both groups significantly increased the training load (10 RM) for the extensors (TGFW p = 0.0002; TGER p = 0.0001) and the knee flexors (TGFW p = 0.006; TGER p = 0.0001). Conclusion Both training protocols similarly were effective in increasing the training load observed by the 10 RM test of the extension and flexion movements of the knee.
Rafaela Zanin Ferreira mail , Antonio Felipe Souza Gomes mail , Marco Antonio Ferreira Baldim mail , Ricardo Silva Alves mail , Leonardo César Carvalho mail , Adriano Prado Simão mail ,
Ferreira
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Background: Scientific research should be carried out to prevent sports injuries. For this purpose, new assessment technologies must be used to analyze and identify the risk factors for injury. The main objective of this systematic review was to compile, synthesize and integrate international research published in different scientific databases on Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and Tensiomyography (TMG) tests and technologies for the assessment of injury risk in sport. This way, this review determines the current state of the knowledge about this topic and allows a better understanding of the existing problems, making easier the development of future lines of research. Methodology: A structured search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the PICOS model until November 30, 2024, in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, SciELO, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus and Scopus databases. The risk of bias was assessed and the PEDro scale was used to analyze methodological quality. Results: A total of 510 articles were obtained in the initial search. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample was 40 articles. These studies maintained a high standard of quality. This revealed the effects of the CMJ, FMS and TMG methods for sports injury assessment, indicating the sample population, sport modality, assessment methods, type of research design, study variables, main findings and intervention effects. Conclusions: The CMJ vertical jump allows us to evaluate the power capacity of the lower extremities, both unilaterally and bilaterally, detect neuromuscular asymmetries and evaluate fatigue. Likewise, FMS could be used to assess an athlete's basic movement patterns, mobility and postural stability. Finally, TMG is a non-invasive method to assess the contractile properties of superficial muscles, monitor the effects of training, detect muscle asymmetries, symmetries, provide information on muscle tone and evaluate fatigue. Therefore, they should be considered as assessment tests and technologies to individualize training programs and identify injury risk factors.
Álvaro Velarde-Sotres mail alvaro.velarde@uneatlantico.es, Antonio Bores-Cerezal mail antonio.bores@uneatlantico.es, Josep Alemany Iturriaga mail josep.alemany@uneatlantico.es, Julio Calleja-González mail ,
Velarde-Sotres
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In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), the significance of device diagnostics and prognostics is paramount for guaranteeing the dependable operation and upkeep of intricate systems. The capacity to precisely diagnose and preemptively predict potential failures holds the potential to considerably amplify maintenance efficiency, diminish downtime, and optimize resource allocation. The wealth of information offered by telemetry data gathered from IoT devices presents an opportunity for diagnostics and prognostics applications. However, extracting valuable insights and making well-timed decisions from this extensive data reservoir remains a formidable challenge. This study proposes a novel AI-driven framework that integrates forward chaining and backward chaining algorithms to analyze telemetry data from IoT devices. The proposed methodology utilizes rule-based inference to detect real-time anomalies and predict potential future failures, providing a dual-layered approach for diagnostics and prognostics. The results show that the diagnostics engine using forward chaining detects real-time issues like “High Temperature” and “Low Pressure,” while the prognostics engine with backward chaining predicts potential future occurrences of these issues, enabling proactive prevention measures. The experimental results demonstrate that adopting this approach could offer valuable assistance to authorities and stakeholders. Accurate early diagnosis and prediction of potential failures have the capability to greatly improve maintenance efficiency, minimize downtime, and optimize cost.
Muhammad Shoaib Farooq mail , Rizwan Pervez Mir mail , Atif Alvi mail , Kilian Tutusaus mail kilian.tutusaus@uneatlantico.es, Eduardo García Villena mail eduardo.garcia@uneatlantico.es, Fadwa Alrowais mail , Hanen Karamti mail , Imran Ashraf mail ,
Farooq
Tipo de documento: Tesis (Masters)
Fecha de publicación: 2022-04-28
URI: https://repositorio.uneatlantico.es/id/eprint/1916
Resumen:
El objeto de esta tesis fue el de encontrar la razón por la que el desarrollo geotérmico de Guatemala se encuentra estancado, empezando por verificar si el argumento más utilizado, que se debe al alto costo y alto riesgo, es en verdad la razón ya que mientras la industria petrolera, con fase exploratoria similar en procedimientos, costos y en riesgo, continúa su desarrollo en Guatemala, mientras que geotermia está estancada. Más aún, los países de la región como El Salvador y Costa Rica han avanzado en su desarrollo geotérmico y continúan expandiendo su capacidad instalada de generación, afrontando el alto costo y alto riesgo, lo que pone en duda el grado de certeza de dicho argumento, y marcó la pauta para realizar la investigación en 2 partes. La primera que planteó la comparación de costos y riesgos en exploración, hasta sus factibilidades financieras, de proyectos petroleros y geotérmicos, y matizar así el argumento de altos costos y riesgos, que no parecen detener el desarrollo petrolero, mientras que al parecer si lo hace el desarrollo geotérmico. La segunda parte se enfocó a investigar que se ha hecho y dejado de hacer en Guatemala en para el desarrollo Geotérmico, en contraste con lo que se ha hecho en países Latinoamericanos con éxito en este apartado, para comparar y encontrar cuales son las claves que han dado impulso a su desarrollo geotérmico. Claro que al ser el uso de la geotermia principalmente para generación de energía eléctrica, es necesario adentrarse en explicar lo que es la generación geotérmica y su interacción el mercado eléctrico de Guatemala, ya que es el contexto del desarrollo geotérmico, y que es también necesario para ambas comparaciones, la comparativa con proyectos petroleros y las estrategias que se han utilizado en otros países. Los resultados revelaron que los proyectos petroleros y los geotérmicos son similares en exploración, pero muy diferentes después de establecer una producción. Aun así, ambos pueden ser considerados factibles, dentro del contexto de la situación de geotérmica de Guatemala, y aunque los indicadores técnico-financieros de los proyectos petroleros son más atractivos, los indicadores técnico-financieros de los proyectos geotérmicos en Guatemala (aunque más modestos) también tienen utilidades considerables atractivas; aunque el atractivo más significativo de la geotermia es el ser energía renovable. Otro resultado importante, se deriva de investigar que se hecho en Guatemala contra lo que han hecho los otros países ya mencionados, apuntan que, hay 3 estrategias utilizadas en estos países, que no se han aplicado en Guatemala, que son el esquema público-privado, la búsqueda de ayuda financiera de entidades como BID, BICE o JICA y la creación de un marco jurídico y regulatorio. Así se concluye que argumento de alto costo y alto riesgo, si bien es verdadero desde el punto de vista facto, no lo es desde el punto de vista causal. Es decir, es un hecho que existen el alto costo y alto riesgo, pero no es una causa. Más bien es un obstáculo entre otros, y es manejable, lo cual has sido probado con el desarrollo geotérmico de los otros países pese a este obstáculo. La investigación evidencia y apunta a que dentro de los otros factores que desvelan la clave está en la falta de un marco jurídico y regulatorio, que evidencia ser la plataforma necesaria para que las otras estrategias puedan funcionar.