TY - JOUR KW - Antimicrobial resistance; Bacteria; Diseases; Infectious-disease diagnostics UR - http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41174-6 IS - 1 JF - Scientific Reports TI - Multidrug resistance pattern and molecular epidemiology of pathogens among children with diarrhea in Bangladesh, 2019?2021 A1 - Sharif, Nadim A1 - Ahmed, Shamsun Nahar A1 - Khandaker, Shamim A1 - Monifa, Nuzhat Haque A1 - Abusharha, Ali A1 - Ramírez-Vargas, Debora L. A1 - Díez, Isabel De la Torre A1 - Kuc Castilla, Ángel Gabriel A1 - Talukder, Ali Azam A1 - Parvez, Anowar Khasru A1 - Dey, Shuvra Kanti N2 - Antimicrobial and multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens are becoming one of the major health threats among children. Integrated studies on the molecular epidemiology and prevalence of AMR and MDR diarrheal pathogens are lacking. A total of 404 fecal specimens were collected from children with diarrhea in Bangladesh from January 2019 to December 2021. We used conventional bacteriologic and molecular sequence analysis methods. Phenotypic and genotypic resistance were determined by disk diffusion and molecular sequencing methods. Fisher?s exact tests with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was performed. Prevalence of bacterial infection was 63% (251 of 404) among children with diarrhea. E. coli (29%) was the most prevalent. E. coli, Shigella spp., V. cholerae, and Salmonella spp., showed the highest frequency of resistance against ceftriaxone (75?85%), and erythromycin (70?75%%). About 10?20% isolates of E. coli, V. cholerae and Shigella spp. showed MDR against cephem, macrolides, and quinolones. Significant association (p value?