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primary topic: Mechanistic insights into ultrasound‐induced gamma‐aminobutyric acid accumulation in coffee leaves: a comprehensive study on the synthesis pathways, signal molecules, and transcriptome

Mechanistic insights into ultrasound‐induced gamma‐aminobutyric acid accumulation in coffee leaves: a comprehensive study on the synthesis pathways, signal molecules, and transcriptome
type: AcademicArticle
type: Article
abstract: BACKGROUND Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a naturally occurring bioactive component in plants. Our previous study demonstrated that ultrasound could increase the activity of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and effectively enhance GABA accumulation in coffee leaves. However, the mechanism underlying this action has yet to be explored. In this study, we investigated how ultrasound promotes GABA accumulation in coffee leaves by analyzing the relative contribution of the two GABA synthesis pathways, as well as changes in the key enzymes, signal molecules, and transcriptomes in coffee leaves under ultrasound treatment. RESULTS The mechanical extraction had a negligible effect on GABA levels in coffee leaves, and the substrate sodium glutamate was essential for GABA accumulation under ultrasound stress. Aminoguanidine pretreatment reduced GABA content by 31.02% under ultrasound treatment. Fluorescent imaging revealed increased intracellular Ca2+ and H+ levels, potentially contributing to enhanced GAD activity in ultrasound-treated leaves. Transcriptomic analysis identified 1053 differentially expressed genes associated with multiple metabolic pathways, including carbohydrates, amino acids, flavonoids, and other primary and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Further analysis indicated that ultrasound may enhance GABA accumulation by modulating Ca2+, reactive oxygen species, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways, as well as the glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION This study revealed that ultrasound promoted GABA accumulation mainly through the GABA shunt pathway, with mechanical extraction playing a minimal role. Ultrasound may enhance GAD activity by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels and lowering pH, while also regulating the expression of genes related to GABA biosynthesis. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
date: 2026-01
is part of: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
status: peerReviewed
status: published
author list: authors
type: EPrint
type: ArticleEPrint
is part of: repository
subject: Nutrition

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
type: Collection
issn: 00225142

Fangzhi Ding
type: Person
given name: Fangzhi
family name: Ding

Xiumin Chen
type: Person
given name: Xiumin
family name: Chen

Wenjuan Qu
type: Person
given name: Wenjuan
family name: Qu

Yu Sun
type: Person
given name: Yu
family name: Sun

Maurizio Battino
type: Person
given name: Maurizio
family name: Battino

Yuanyuan Huang
type: Person
given name: Yuanyuan
family name: Huang

http://repositorio.uneatlantico.es/id/eprint/27160/
title: HTML Summary of #27160 Mechanistic insights into ultrasound‐induced gamma‐aminobutyric acid accumulation in coffee leaves: a comprehensive study on the synthesis pathways, signal molecules, and transcriptome
format: text/html
primary topic: Mechanistic insights into ultrasound‐induced gamma‐aminobutyric acid accumulation in coffee leaves: a comprehensive study on the synthesis pathways, signal molecules, and transcriptome

Nutrition
type: Concept
preferred label: Alimentación @es