%D 2024
%T Fish consumption, cognitive impairment and dementia: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies
%N 1
%R doi:10.1007/s40520-024-02823-6
%X Background
Cognitive impairment is projected to affect a preponderant proportion of the aging population. Lifelong dietary habits have been hypothesized to play a role in preventing cognitive decline. Among the most studied dietary components, fish consumptionhas been extensively studied for its potential effects on the human brain.

Aims
To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies exploring the association between fish intake and cognitive impairment/decline and all types of dementia.

Methods
A systematic search of electronic databases was performed to identify observational studies providing quantitative data on fish consumption and outcomes of interest. Random effects models for meta-analyses using only extreme exposure categories, subgroup analyses, and dose-response analyses were performed to estimate cumulative risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
The meta-analysis comprised 35 studies. Individuals reporting the highest vs. the lowest fish consumption were associated with a lower likelihood of cognitive impairment/decline (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.90, I2 = 61.1%), dementia (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.93, I2 = 38.7%), and Alzheimer’s disease (RR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.96, I2 = 20.3%). The dose-response relation revealed a significantly decreased risk of cognitive impairment/decline and all cognitive outcomes across higher levels of fish intake up to 30% for 150 g/d (RR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.95). The results of this relation based on APOE ε4 allele status was mixed based on the outcome investigated.

Conclusions
Current findings suggest fish consumption is associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment/decline in a dose-response manner, while for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease there is a need for further studies to improve the strength of evidence.
%J Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
%V 36
%A Justyna Godos
%A Agnieszka Micek
%A Walter Currenti
%A Carlotta Franchi
%A Andrea Poli
%A Maurizio Battino
%A Alberto Dolci
%A Cristian Ricci
%A Zoltan Ungvari
%A Giuseppe Grosso
%K Fish; Dementia; Cognitive status; Alzheimer’s disease; Meta-analysis
%L uneatlantico14336